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Strasburg

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The Stonewall’s Surprise – Banks’s Fort wayside marker is in Strasburg, Virginia. (see map below) It was erected by Virginia Civil War Trails.

From the marker:

Stonewall’s Surprise

Banks’ Fort

In the spring of 1862, U.S. Army Capt. Edward Hunt, an engineer, constructed a fortification on the hill where the Strasburg water tower now stands. Hunt selected the hill “because it had an effective command over the roads, the railroad, and the town.” From there, the Federal army could guard the junction of the Manassas Gap Railroad and the Valley Turnpike here at Strasburg. Union soldiers leveled the hilltop and erected earthworks and artillery emplacements surrounded by trenches. By May 15, 1862, the fort was manned. It was named Banks’s Fort for Gen. Nathaniel P. Banks, commander of the Union army here.

Early in 1862, Confederate Gen. Thomas J. “Stonewall” Jackson’s army of about 4,600 had wintered at Winchester. By March 1862, Banks’s army began operating in the Shenandoah Valley to prevent a Confederate attack on Washington. Jackson sought to defeat Banks and lure Union forces away from Richmond. After several engagements in March and April, however, Jackson’s outnumbered army marched east as though it was en route to Richmond to deceive Banks. Then it turned around and slipped back into the Valley.

Banks soon learned the truth but continued to occupy the fort, which Confederate scouts on Signal Knob had observed under construction. Jackson soon surprised the Federals by stealing a march north through the Luray Valley to Front Royal, which he attacked and occupied on May 23. When he turned toward Strasburg and the fort, Banks retreated to Winchester, where Jackson defeated him on May 25. Banks then withdrew across the Potomac River. Throughout the rest of the war, Federals and Confederates each briefly occupied Banks’s Fort.

Location

The marker is at the intersection of West Washington Street and North Holiday Street in Strasburg, Virginia. (38°59’25.2″N 78°21’40.4″W)